• Chat to Your Dog While They Are Eating

Annalisa Shah makes mealtime unique for her four Labradors by petting each of their sides while they eat. “I know it makes them happy because their tails start wagging so fast,” says Shah. Thought and care should go into the meals you serve your dog, as they do when serving your family. Every mealtime gives you the chance to provide nutrition and nurture that special bond while feeding your dog.

Shah makes sure she offers encouragement as the dogs eat: “I usually say things like ‘You are such a good girl or boy,’ since those words seem to make them happier.”

Mealtime comes soon after Shah’s alarm rings in the morning. “Anyone who knows Labs knows they love to eat,” says Shah. “They get fed in a specific order, and they wait until their food is poured. It’s very routine.”

• Be Patient and Predictable When Feeding Dogs

With seven large dogs, Paul Caster’s feeding times can get a bit hectic. “One trick we learned a long time ago was to train each dog to sit and wait until it’s released before getting dinner. This has to be continually reinforced, but it saves a lot of trouble,” says Caster.

Caster knows senior dogs can be picky eaters, so he was willing to adjust when his Irish Wolfhound stopped approaching meals with relish. “Frodo is a susceptible, 106-pound puppy. He just wanted me to hold his dish while he ate,” says Caster. “Moral of the story: Before you rush your pup to the veterinarian when it stops eating, give it a little extra attention, and you’ll see what happens.”

• Spread out Your Dog’s Feeding

Monica Anthony separates food for her 10-year-old Labrador Retriever and 7-month-old Doberman Pinscher into portions throughout the day. “Both my dogs are fed meals three times a day, along with stuffed Kongs twice per day,” says Anthony. “Spreading out mealtimes helps keep the Lab’s weight in check since she is not as hungry. It also allows the puppy to digest the high volume of food required as she grows.”

Anthony works to keep consistent feeding times. After her dogs exercise, she makes sure they get an hour of quiet time before feeding them again. Access to clean water is a must. She keeps things neat by placing a shoe tray from a dollar store under the food. She also buys water bowls that are large enough to contain splashes and splatters.

“If your dog is older and tall, consider raised feeding dishes,” advises Anthony. “They allow our Lab to eat and drink in comfort.”

• Accommodate Your Dog’s Tastes

Truffles, a 6-year-old Havanese, enjoys drinking cold water. So her owner, Dr. Debra Jaliman, adds a few ice chips to Truffles’ water bowl at mealtimes. She also coats Truffles’ dry kibble with wet dog food. “I try to feed Truffles before I feed the family. Otherwise, Truffles gets antsy,” says Jaliman.

• Make Meals a Challenge For Your Dog

Joan Hunter Mayer, a certified professional dog trainer in Ventura, Calif., makes sure her 8-year-old Chihuahua mix finds mealtimes stimulating. She suggests stuffing interactive food toys, such as Kongs, with your dog’s food. “This is an ideal way for your dog to have meals,” says Mayer. “These are toys that are meant for dry foods as well as wet foods. Instead of always feeding it out of a bowl, allowing your dog to engage in these productive, challenging, and enjoyable activities taps into your dog’s natural predatory drive making mealtime fun.”

Engaging your dog at mealtimes will allow you to feel closer, and it will make the experience more enjoyable overall.

10 Rules for Feeding Your Dog, from Lisa Peterson, a spokesperson for the American Kennel Club.

1. Don’t Let Your Dog Guard its Food

Some dogs are like vacuum cleaners. Walk them, and you’ll notice: any scraps of food (or discarded chewing gum, cigarette butts, etc.) go straight from the sidewalk into their mouths. “You need to be able to step in and remove food from a dog when necessary for safety’s sake,” says Peterson. To help your dog tolerate your behavior, it’s necessary from puppy-hood to train your dog to let its food go. Feed your puppy, and then remove the food after a few bites. Replace the dish and remove it again. You can train your older dog in the same manner, rewarding it for sitting calmly until you replace the food.

2. Don’t Feed Your Puppy at the Same Time as Your Adult Dog

If you’ve got multiple dogs, the older dog will most likely want to be treated like the king. “I tell people with an older dog to feed the dogs separately until the puppy is a year or so,” says Peterson. “The puppy should be trained to eat food in his crate.” The puppy needs to learn its place, and this feeding style will facilitate the process.

3. Don’t Tease a Dog When it’s Eating

While you may not be tempted to pull your furry friend’s tail during dinner, your toddler or young child might. “Parents need to be aware that children shouldn’t be near the dog when it’s eating,” says Peterson. The child may jar the dog or get in its face. This disruption can lead to a dog choking, gagging, or merely becoming frustrated enough to lash out at the child — not a safe situation for your dog or toddler.

4. Don’t Walk Your Dog After Dinner

Your dog should not have a walk right after a meal. Peterson advises waiting at least 15 to 30 minutes after feeding to exercise your dog. “Just a little time to digest,” she says. This delay after meals is essential for all dogs, especially for deep-chested dogs such as German Shepherds, Great Danes, Boxers, and Dachshunds. All of them are prone to bloating, a dangerous condition that can have severe health consequences.

5. Don’t Give Your Dog Human Food

A begging dog can be hard to resist (that sweet face, those sad eyes), but your dog doesn’t know how dangerous the meal you’re eating can be. Grapes, raisins, chocolate, and onions: each of these can be toxic to your dog in large enough quantities. Sometimes excessive fat in meats or dairy products can cause digestive distress. Given that it’s hard to know how your dog will react to human food, the best rule to follow, says Peterson, is no table scraps whatsoever.

6. Don’t Prepare Your Dog’s Food Yourself

Commercial dog foods are prepared with the right amount of calories and the necessary combinations of vitamins, minerals, and proteins. Achieving that combination yourself is unlikely. Dogs are carnivores. Their bodies are made to assimilate protein. Says Peterson, “Prepared kibble or canned food is balanced nutrition.”

7. Don’t Mix Prepared Foods

Are you trying to save money on your pet’s food? Please don’t do it by mixing high-quality dog food with a lower quality one. Often, premium foods are packed with nutrients and require less food to be fed, making them a good buy.

8. Don’t Feed On Plastic

Casual observation has demonstrated that dogs prefer ceramic bowls, followed by stainless steel. Plastic bowls are too easy to chew, especially for puppies, likely to gnaw on anything in sight. The bowl should not be a part of your dog’s meal. Plastic dishes can also harbor bacteria and retain odors, leading to allergic reactions or even your dog’s rejection of its food.

9. Don’t Over-Treat or Over-Supplement

Too many treats will lead to unhealthy excess pounds. Too many vitamins can also have unintended consequences. Ask your veterinarian about whether your dog needs any extras before starting it on a regimen of supplements.

10. Make Mealtime Fun for Your Dog

Treats to a dog can be like dessert to us. Treats, by their very nature, are a tasty reward associated with good behavior and good times. Kathy Miller, director of ForPaws Corgi Rescue Online, advises that you buy nutritious treats formulated especially for dogs instead of feeding people food. Better yet, “We use the dog’s regular food as their primary treat!” Peterson also does this with her pets.

Feeding time can be training and playtime all at once. Miller, for example, begins by asking her dogs if they want a “yummy dinner.” Her dog Bart knows what this phrase means “and goes nuts.” Miller then runs him through a small battery of basic commands, such as sit and lie down, before Bart gets to chow down. The routine reinforces good behavior with good food, which benefits both dogs and owners.

To avoid boredom, Peterson also sometimes hides her dog’s kibble around the house. “I place it under the sofa, behind the TV, just anywhere where my dog can easily 

retrieve it but will face a little challenge finding the food.” The edible hide-and-go-seek serves as behavioral enrichment, stimulating your dog’s natural food-finding skills.

Should I Leave Food Out For My Dog All Day?

Free-feeding is when food is freely made available to your dog, and they then decide when they will eat. According to Peterson, this is another no-no. When you have a feeding schedule for your dog, you are providing them with an essential routine.

Article written by Author: Darcy Lockman, Elijah Merrill, Kim Boatman, and The Dog Daily Expert

A fast-growing, toy-chasing puppy has different nutritional needs than a slumber-loving, slow-trotting older dog. Feeding your three-month-old meals meant for its elders could mean your puppy’s not getting the right amount of calories or nutrition. When the problem is reversed, older dogs could consume too many calories, leading to plump pooches. According to the National Academies’ National Research Council, an obesity epidemic now exists among dogs and cats, so we need to better match foods to our pets’ needs.

Keep in mind that your dog will have different nutritional requirements at various stages within its lifetime. 

Given these fluctuating requirements, how can you best meet your best canine friend’s breed- and stage-specific nutritional needs? Here, The Dog Daily asks veterinarian Trisha Joyce, DVM, of New York City Veterinary Specialists, to answer the most crucial food-related doggie dilemmas.

Puppies need more calories than adult dogs.

TRUE 

Puppies grow rapidly, especially in the first months, and this requires the higher caloric intake of specially formulated puppy food,” says Dr. Joyce. A diet with antioxidants like Vitamin E also helps to support the developing immune system’s health and may improve your little love’s response to vaccinations.

Puppies are puppies. Large and small breeds can safely eat the same food.

FALSE 

“All puppy diets support growth,” says Dr. Joyce. “However, breed size does matter.” While small breed dogs can safely grow very quickly, the same is not valid for large breed dogs. “To prevent orthopedic issues (such as disorders of the skeletal system and associated muscles, joints, and ligaments), we try to slow down their growth.” To feed small-breed puppy food to a large breed puppy is to put it at risk for hip dysplasia, a gradual loosening of the hip joint that can ultimately be crippling, and other malformation problems. Joint protective agents can be important for large-breed little ones.

The Biggest health issue for today’s adult dogs is obesity.

TRUE 

“The food choices you make for your middle-aged dog largely have to do with whether or not it’s overweight,” says Dr. Joyce. “Owners should always be thinking about preventing obesity, and weight-control formulas can help with this.” Your veterinarian can monitor your dog’s weight, but you can also keep an eye on your canine’s physique. You should feel your dog’s spine and ribs and see a noticeable waist between the rib cage and hips from above.

Once puppyhood ends, large and small breeds can eat the same foods for optimal health.

FALSE 

Large-breed dogs should be fed a large-breed diet, says Dr. Joyce. For large-breed dogs, a diet that includes cartilage building-blocks, like glucosamine, can help maintain healthy joints and cartilage.

Male and female dogs have different nutritional needs.

FALSE 

“This is false, with one exception,” says Dr. Joyce. “Pregnant and lactating females need more calories.” You can provide this extra energy by feeding your pregnant or nursing dog puppy chow. However, make sure it’s small-breed puppy chow, whether or not your dog is small. It is higher in calories than the large-breed puppy equivalent.

Senior-specific diets should be fed after a dog reaches the decade mark.

FALSE 

“I’m a broken record, but it depends on the breed,” says Dr. Joyce. Veterinarians generally say that dogs in the last third of life are seniors. Larger breeds tend to have shorter life spans, so they may be considered seniors as early as six years old, while smaller dogs are not considered seniors until 10. New research also shows that a higher-protein diet can also be beneficial for senior dogs. Your veterinarian can tell you whether it’s time to start Rover on a senior meal plan.

You can prevent older dogs’ common health problems by feeding your dog an issue-specific diet — like food for dogs with kidney problems — before your dog is diagnosed.

FALSE 

“You shouldn’t feed a health-specific diet until a condition has been diagnosed,” says Dr. Joyce. Preventative diets focus on a dog’s general health, weight, and joint health, rather than specific conditions. That being said, weight-control and joint-health formulas are generally safe for older dogs. There are many mature foods on the market. Again, breed size should be a consideration in choosing these meal plans.

Though canine health food information may be harder to come by than the human variety, what you learn can go a long way toward helping your pet. With just a bit of dog food nutritional savvy, feeding your canine companion for optimal health is as easy as scooping out a serving of dog chow.

How Do You Know If Your Dog Chow Meets Your Dog’s Daily Nutritional Needs? 

Your dog can’t exactly take a taste test or raise a paw and tell you if he’s not getting his recommended daily allowance of vitamins and minerals.

As a dog owner, you can try to assess your dog’s health by behavior, activity level, outward appearance, and the consistency of your pet’s stool. You can also read pet food labels and opt for foods that meet or exceed pet food industry standards. But canine nutritional experts say there is a lot more you can learn. Take the quiz to find out.

1. What is the optimal amount of protein your dog’s food should contain?

A. 18 percent

B. 24-30 percent

C. 50 percent or higher

Answer: B

Protein is an important dog food ingredient because it helps your pup maintain lean body mass, bone integrity, and enzymatic system. Canine nutritional standards — established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials(AAFCO), the organization that sets pet food industry standards — require that dog foods contain a minimum of 18 percent protein for adults and 22 percent for puppies. But a growing number of pet foods exceed those minimum standards today, arguing that contents of 20, 30, 40, or even 50 percent protein make the food more evolutionarily sound since, in the wild, canines would eat more meat. Joseph Wakshlag, DVM, a clinical nutrition professor at the Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, doesn’t completely buy that argument. Many of the dog breeds people keep domestically are a far cry from their wild ancestors. The AAFCO minimum is “adequate,” says Dr. Wakshlag, but he advises feeding dogs food that contains “somewhere between 24 and 30 percent protein.”

2. Are all added fats and oils created equal?

A. Yes, fat is fat

B. Mineral and vegetable oils are better than animal fats

C. Fish oil can help add needed omega-three fatty acids

Answer: C

Added oils and fats can help keep your dog’s coat shiny and reduce flakiness and dryness to the skin underneath. Most foods add some animal fats for taste and vegetable fats from grains. The addition of fish oil can help balance out the fatty acids in your dog’s diet, says Dr. Wakshlag. The reason is that the industrial revolution has created a very grain-based world, not only for humans but also for our pets. Grains added to most commercial pet food provide our dogs with their necessary omega-six fatty acids. Still, they need additional omega 3s to better achieve a more natural balance to their diet, according to Dr. Wakshlag. Omega 3s also have potential health benefits aside from coat and skin health in that they may be able to help dampen chronic immune problems in your dog.

3. Should you supplement your dog’s food with table scraps?

A. Yes, add scraps to your kibble at every meal

B. A few pizza crusts or bits of protein per day can’t hurt

C. No, table scraps can lead to obesity and throw off the nutritional balance of prepared dog foods

Answer: C

Most foods that meet AAFCO nutritional standards don’t need to be supplemented, says Bonnie Beaver, DVM, past president of the American Veterinary Medicine Association and a veterinary medicine professor at Texas A&M University. “We can unbalance a diet by adding to it,” Dr. Beaver says. “The big problem we run into is obesity.” A good test to determine whether or not your dog is overweight is to see if you can feel its ribs through the coat without an effort. If you can’t, your dog may be overweight. However, if you can see the ribs, your pet might be too thin.

4. Should I look for a source of glucosamine in my dog’s food?

A. Yes, glucosamine may help keep joints healthy

B. No, this is just another myth

Answer: A

Glucosamine can be found in several dog food ingredients, such as poultry and meat products. This substance helps protect and maintain cartilage, which safeguards your dog’s joints and bones. Throughout your pup’s lifetime, your dog will naturally wear down some of this cartilage. Glucosamine can help prevent cartilage degeneration, Dr. Wakshlag says.

5. Are antioxidants, like vitamin E and beta-carotene, essential to boost immune system health? 

A. Yes

B. No

Answer: A

Antioxidants are naturally occurring nutrients found in fruits and vegetables. They’ve proven to benefit dogs in slowing the aging process, improving immune responses, and 

helping vaccines work. Antioxidants include vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and compounds such as beta-carotene. Dog food ingredients such as tomatoes, spinach, peas, and carrots all contain antioxidants.

Ultimately, you may have to rely on your dog to communicate to you whether it is getting its nutrients. The best way to determine if your dog’s food is appropriate is to look at your dog, says Lisa Peterson, communications director for the American Kennel Club. “A shiny, healthy coat, clear eyes, pink gums, and ideal weight are all signs that speak louder than words.”

Article written by Author: Darcy Lockman and Elizabeth Wasserman

Gravy For Dogs

When Laura Alderman‘s elderly dog’s kidneys began to fail, a veterinarian advised the San Antonio resident to encourage her pet to drink as much water as possible. Increasing water uptake was no easy task until Alderman had a lightbulb moment: Her dog loved gravy. She watered down some commercial dog gravy, offered it to her dog, and the liquid was gone in no time.

Can You Give a Dog Gravy?

Enticing your dog to drink its water is just one of many uses for dog gravy, which is now prepared by leading pet food manufacturers.

Here Are Five Other Ways You Can Incorporate These Savory and Nutritious Gravies Into Your Dog’s Life and Diet.

1. Enhance Meals With Dog Gravy 

Lisa Peterson, a well-known dog breeder and spokesperson for the American Kennel Club, says for some dogs, “Eating cold food out of a can is comparable to eating cold canned tuna straight out of the fridge: filling, but not very satisfying.”  To turn a ho-hum meal into a mini-masterpiece, add dog gravy to dry or wet dog food and microwave until just warm, or for about 30 seconds.

2. Add Variety To Your Dog’s Food 

According to Peterson, changing foods and even flavors can be tricky. However, all such switches should incorporate a transitional period because dogs can be creatures of habit, not unlike humans and other animals. An easy way to maintain your dog’s diet while still adding a bit of new zip? Top your buddy’s food with gravy. Manufacturers are now offering dog gravies in such flavors as pot roast, bacon, and country chicken — enough to get the mouth of both you and your dog watering. (But dog gravies are specially formulated for canines.)

3. Sneak Medicine Into The Dog Gravy 

Your dog may go to great lengths not to take prescribed pills, but accepting a spoonful of yummy gravy is another story. “Just put a pill in the middle of a spoon and pour some gravy over it,” Peterson instructs. “Your dog will probably lap it up in one lick.”

4. Supplement Your Dog’s Nutrition 

While quality commercial pet foods are formulated to include just the right amount of nutrients, dog gravy can supplement them without disrupting regular mealtimes or adding too much fat. Look for pet gravies that contain 3 percent or more protein, 1.5 percent or more fiber, and moisture not exceeding 90 percent.

5. Incorporate Dog Gravy Into Training Sessions 

What’s better than a dog biscuit reward? A dog biscuit that has a bit of gravy on it says Peterson. Canines can connect rewards to positive behavior, as can humans. Humans note the reward’s quality and size; for example, if a friend does a little favor for you, you may reward him or her with a small gift, but if your friend goes all out, you may offer an even bigger gift. Use this psychology when adding gravy to dog biscuits during training, saving the extra yum-o factor when your dog earns an A+, or in this case, a biscuit plus gravy.

The Dos and Don’ts of Feeding Gravy To Dogs

Don’t ever feed gravy meant for humans to your dog. It often contains too much salt and could include ingredients, like onions, that are toxic for dogs.

Do select a gravy for dogs that is appropriate for your pet’s stage of life. Sauces are

often made specifically for puppies, adults, and mature dogs. Check labels to make sure you choose the right one.

Do store gravies for your dog in the refrigerator after opening. They will generally last for up to a month.

Don’t ever substitute dog gravy for an actual meal. Like salad dressing, gravy for dogs is meant to be an addition to food and not replace it. Once you start using sauces for your dog, you’ll likely find that they’re a handy staple. Alderman keeps a stash in her refrigerator for her elderly canine and her younger dogs, which now crave a bit of gravy each day.

Article written by Author: The Dog Daily Expert

The best evidence that you’ve chosen the right dog food is your dog itself. Your dog’s inward and outward appearance is tangible, visible proof that you’re dishing up food that meets its nutritional needs.

While other factors can also affect your dog’s health and behavior, making sure your dog eats appropriately is fundamental to its well-being. Fortunately, there are several ways your dog reflects your food choice, say experts. 

Here Are Seven Signs Your Dog Is Thriving On Well-Balanced, Nutritious Dog Food:

1. A Shiny Coat and Healthy Skin 

If your dog has a dull, dry, and brittle coat with flaking skin, diet could be to blame, says Dr. Bart Iaia, DVM, who practices in Renton, Wash. Look for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids in dog food, says Dr. Iaia. Your pet needs these essential fats. Flaky skin could be a sign of a zinc deficiency, a problem with home-cooked diets.

2. A Healthy Digestive System 

Poop is more than the stuff you, ever the responsible dog owner, scoop regularly. Poop matters, say Dr. Iaia and Dr. Laird Goodman, DVM, a Beaverton, Ore., veterinarian who is on the board of directors for the Oregon Veterinary Medical Association. “You want good stools — firm, but not dry, and not loose,” advises Dr. Goodman. Note how often your dog poops as well, says Dr. Iaia. If your dog poops more than twice a day, that’s an indication your dog’s food might not contain enough protein in forms it can use. You can be reassured if your dog’s food has “complete and balanced” on the label.

3. A Resilient Immune System 

Vitamin E and antioxidants will help your dog stave off illness, building its immune system, says Dr. Iaia. Veterinary research has found that a diet rich in antioxidants, such as beta-carotene, improves immune system responses. A robust immune system is vital as your dog ages since a dog’s ability to fight illnesses weakens as it grows older.

4. Strong Bones and Joints 

Calcium and vitamin D make for healthy bones in your dog, just as they do for you. Dog owners who feed their dog meat, rather than a well-balanced commercial food, run the risk of their pet suffering soft bones, resulting in fractures, experts say. Well-balanced dog food will include all such essential nutrients.

A veterinarian can use X-rays to evaluate your dog’s bone density if a problem is suspected, says Dr. Korinn E. Saker. Dr. Saker is a DVM, Ph.D., a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Nutrition, and a clinical nutritionist at North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine. X-rays can also detect hairline fractures and other “less obvious” health problems caused by poor nutrition, such as urinary tract stones, adds Dr. Saker.

5. Healthy Teeth and Gums 

Your dog’s teeth should be firm and white, with healthy, pink gums covering the roots. If you notice a reddening of the gums, a buildup of tartar on the teeth, or bad breath, it can indicate dental problems, says Dr. Iaia. Some dry foods and dog treats are designed to slow any dental disease progress, so look for products that specifically mention dental care or tartar-fighting properties.

6. Strong Muscles 

Hourglass figures aren’t just for movie stars. Your dog should maintain good muscle tone, with an hourglass shape when viewed from above, says Dr. Saker. “Obese dogs have lost the tucked-up appearance just after the ribcage when viewed from the side,” she says. You should be able to feel your dog’s ribs but not see them. If your dog is eating a lot but looks too thin, you’re probably not feeding high-quality dog food, says Dr. Iaia.

7. A Healthy Heart 

A well-balanced, complete dog food will include protein, calcium, amino acids, fatty acids, potassium, and sodium to promote heart health. Your veterinarian can evaluate 

your dog’s heart health through regular checkups, and if needed, blood work.

Seven could be your dog’s lucky number in its future health if it exhibits these positive signs. Dr. Goodman advises that you avoid feeding your dog table scrap handouts and too many treat snacks. Instead, stick to a quality diet that both you and your dog can count on. And don’t be afraid to discuss the matter with your veterinarian, who may be able to provide additional nutrition-related advice. Dr. Goodman suggests, “Take the label from your food to the veterinarian to have a better understanding of what you’re providing your dog.”

Article written by Author: Kim Boatman

Vegan Amy Rader knows her dog, Henry, needs meat protein, but she hates that chemically processed additives are going into her 5-year-old Beagle’s food. The new “natural” label on pet foods — and what that precisely means — has also puzzled the Seattle-based social worker. “It’s similar to buying organic for myself,” explains Rader. “A lot of words that sound pretty good are on the packaging, but I’m not always sure exactly what they mean, and I end up spending way too long in the pet store.”

For dog owners like Carol Davis of Fairfax, Va., the sight of a synthetic or chemical ingredient listed on a pet food label leads to the following conclusion: I wouldn’t feed that to my dog. “I usually avoid it,” says Davis, who has a 5-year-old English Springer Spaniel named Lana. “I feel like if she eats healthy now, she’ll stay healthier, and we’ll have fewer vet bills later.”

Like Davis, you are probably more concerned about putting “natural,” or minimally processed, foods on your dinner table, and that standard now extends to what’s in Fido’s bowl. Davis says she looks for recognizable ingredients, such as chicken and carrots when choosing Lana’s commercial food. However, there’s still some confusion about what constitutes a “natural” dog food.

“Natural” Dog Food Labeling Rules

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) regulate dog food labeling in the United States. Companies can’t make claims about pet food products that are false. The FDA doesn’t define the term “natural” for the pet food industry. Still, the AAFCO definition says natural food is “… derived solely from plant, animal, or mined sources. It does not contain any additives or processing aids that are chemically synthetic except in amounts as might occur unavoidably in good manufacturing practices.”

Most commercial dog foods contain some synthetic sources of essential vitamins, minerals, and amino acids that meet AAFCO’s requirements that the food is “complete and balanced.” These requirements are to satisfy a dog’s nutritional needs, says Dr. Amy Dicke, DVM, a Dayton, Ohio-based veterinarian who has worked with teams of nutritionists and researchers. “If a product says it is all-natural and has not pulled out ‘with the inclusion of vitamins, minerals and amino acids,’ when in truth, they may not be practicing proper marketing,” Dr. Dicke says.

Dr. Katy Nelson, DVM, an emergency veterinarian in Virginia, suggests that Rader try a different approach when selecting dog food. “Do your research before you go to the pet store,” Dr. Nelson advises. “Labels are confusing. I’ve spent hours lecturing about them to veterinary students, and even they still have questions when I’m done!”

Below, Dr. Nelson explains current industry standards for natural kibble and weighs whether this food is right for your pet.

How the USDA Define Natural Dog Food

Believe it or not, the federal government has taken an interest in protecting pet food consumers from misleading claims. Like food for humans, food for dogs must adhere to the United States Department of Agriculture‘s definitions of “natural.” According to the USDA, food can only be labeled “natural” if it is minimally processed and contains no artificial ingredients or added colors.

Minimally processed can be fine, but sometimes that means it has no preservatives, so you need to be careful with expiration dates.” If it’s preservative-free, buy less of it. Ideally, you’d choose food containing natural preservatives like vitamin C and vitamin E rather than no preservatives at all.

How the AAFCO Define Natural Dog Food

The American Association of Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) provides a more specific description of the labeling requirements, adding that chemically synthesized ingredients may not be present in vittles claiming to be natural. Two common chemically synthesized ingredients in pet foods are propylene glycol and BHA. They both must be listed as ingredients on the labels of pet foods that contain them.

Ingredients in a “Natural” Dog Food

Protein 

Dogs are classified as either carnivores or omnivores. Either way, they are best fed a diet high in animal protein. Meat and/or poultry sources — such as chicken, lamb, or eggs — should be listed within the first three ingredients in natural dog food, says Katy J. Nelson, D.V.M., an emergency veterinarian in Alexandria, Va., who has worked on dog nutrition. 

Byproducts 

This term has gotten a bad rap. Meat or plant-based byproducts fit the definition of “natural” under the AAFCO regulations. “Good, high-quality pet food byproducts don’t need to be a four-letter word,” Dr. Nelson says. Organ meat and tissue help provide dogs with needed minerals and amino acids. 

Grains 

Natural sources of carbohydrates, such as brewer’s rice, whole-grain barley, and ground whole grain sorghum, can provide energy for a dog’s active lifestyle, Dr. Dicke says. 

Fruits and Vegetables 

Spinach, tomatoes, and peas are rich in vitamin E and antioxidants to help your dog build its immunity; apples are a great source of fiber; carrots help keep your dog’s vision healthy. 

No Added Artificial Colors, Flavors or Preservatives

“Natural” dog foods should not have synthetic fillers, artificial colors or flavors, or human-made preservatives. Natural flavors and colors are okay. Some preservatives are naturally occurring, such as vitamin E and tocopherols (TCP), acceptable to help preserve food.

Veterinarian Recommendations For Natural Dog Food

While Dr. Nelson sees the value in natural pet foods, she also advises dog owners to proceed with caution, keeping the following guidelines in mind:

• Remember that “natural” is not the same as “complete and balanced.” Ensure any pet food you select has conducted AAFCO-endorsed feeding trials or satisfied AAFCO’s dog food nutrient profiles.
• When choosing food, give your furry friend’s health issues a top priority. “You can find natural foods that also address some common health problems like weight and joint trouble, but you may have to look a little harder,” says Dr. Nelson.  
• Talk to your veterinarian before choosing any diet for your dog. “Don’t rely on the 16-year-old stock boy to help you decide what your dog should eat,” advises Dr. Nelson.
• Don’t make a good deal, your top priority. “The most expensive brands are not necessarily the best, but the quality of ingredients — natural or otherwise — does tend to increase with price,” concludes Dr. Nelson.

Our Natural Dog Food Recommendations

• Purina ONE Natural Puppy Food
• Diamond Naturals Adult Dog Food
• Purina ONE Natural Dog Food

When deciding on a food, talk to your veterinarian about your dog’s individual needs. Also, some pet food companies list toll-free phone numbers on their packaging so you can call and speak to a nutritionist.

After consulting Henry’s veterinarian, Amy Rader found a natural food that satisfied her concerns. It also seems to be fulfilling Henry’s. “He gobbles it up,” she says. “So, I guess we both feel good about it.”

Experts caution that there is no scientific agreement that natural foods provide more safety or nutritional value than traditional dog foods. “I don’t want people to expect health miracles from feeding a natural food,” says Dr. Dicke. “It’s a personal choice. It’s another feeding option.” For some dog owners, however, “natural” is the way to go.

Article written by Author: Elizabeth Wasserman and Darcy Lockman

When shopping for dog food, pet food stores offer a wide variety of choices.

“There are foods on the market which are very easy and tasty for your dog but don’t provide the highest nutrition,” says Dr. Katy Nelson, a Virginia-based veterinarian. She has consulted on the nutritional makeup of dog food products. “Even though your pet may be excited about what’s in their bowl, it won’t necessarily glow afterward, just like people who regret those visits to fast-food restaurants.”

How can we tell the difference? Like with fast food for people, very inexpensive dog food may indicate a less nutritious meal.

“Generally, the higher-priced premium brands have higher-quality ingredients and specialized nutrients,” says Dr. Amy Dicke, a veterinarian who also consults on the nutritional aspects of pet food. 

1. As a general rule, it’s wise to feed your pet the best food you can afford.

“From foods which use human-quality sources, to foods which use the scraps off of the slaughterhouse floor, you truly do get what you pay for most of the time,” says Nelson.

2. After price, look at the list of ingredients.

Like we screen our food labels for unsaturated fats or high fructose corn syrup, there are things to look out for on dog food ingredients lists.

Because ingredients are listed in order of quantity, “always look at the first three ingredients on your pet food’s bag,” says Nelson. “If there is corn or something with the word ‘gluten’ in those first few ingredients, step away and keep looking.” Gluten, a vegetable protein, is a cheap alternative to protein from animal sources. But animal protein is more nutritious for your pet.

How to Find the Best Dog Food on the Market

Although it’s not a panacea, there is a seal of approval you can look for. The Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) provides pet food guidelines and regulates ingredients’ naming.

“AAFCO’s nutritional adequacy statement identifies the food is nutritionally complete and balanced and contains all of the required nutrients,” says Dicke.

Beyond that, there’s still variation. But Nelson recommends at least avoiding foods without AAFCO approval.

Special-Needs Dog Food

Many foods are tailored to particular circumstances, like a dog’s health or age. Dicke says AAFCO also regulates these claims. Choosing the right one for your dog involves matching your dog to the goal of the product, which typically falls into the following three categories:

1. Age
   

   Growing puppies (0 to 24 months), healthy adults, and senior dogs (5 years giant breeds and seven years and older for other breeds) all have different nutritional profiles.

Our Best Dog Food Brand Recommendations Based on Age

• Royal Canin Medium Puppy Kibble
• Hill’s Science Diet Adult Dog Kibble
• Purina Pro Plan Complete Essentials Senior Dog Kibble

2. Body Size/Activity Levels
   

   According to Dicke, “Pets that are overweight or underweight need different nutrition than those who are at an optimal weight. Pets who get lots of exercise also have different nutritional requirements.” These food labels include weight control, performance, or maintenance.

Our Best Dog Food Brand Recommendations Based on Size or Activity Levels

• Purina Pro Plan with Probiotics Weight Management Dog Food
• Purina Pro Plan Sport Dog Food

3. Health History
   

   Your dog may have a condition requiring a therapeutic or prescription formula. For instance, dogs with sensitive stomachs can benefit from foods containing prebiotics. These non-digestible food ingredients stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria that help the digestive system. Other blends are specialized for heart health, dental health, bone/joint health, and more.

Our Best Dog Food Brand Recommendations Based on Health Needs

• Hill’s Science Diet Sensitive Stomach and Skin Adult Dog Food
• Hill’s Prescription Diet Heart Care Adult Dog Food
• Hill’s Science Diet Oral Care Adult Dog Food
• Royal Canin Joint Care Large Adult Dog Food

Ask Your Veterinarian About the Right Food For Your Dog

In the end, however, Nelson says the most important thing is to discuss your dog’s food options with your veterinarian. She says the most significant mistake people make when choosing food is seeking advice from the sales associate at the pet store rather than their veterinarian.

“Your veterinarian can help you find the food that’s best because they know the particular issues that your pet deals with,” she says. “Your veterinarian has the best interests of your pet in mind.”

 Article written by Author: Brad Kloza, Elizabeth Parker, and Darcy Lockman

Glucosamine and chondroitin boost joint health; dental care additives reduce tartar buildup, L-carnitine helps metabolize fat, and a higher amount of antioxidants support a healthy immune system, says veterinary technician Jennifer Taylor. Dr. Amy Dicke, an Ohio-based veterinarian, shares more information about these and other ingredients.

1. Two Fibers Are Better Than One

Your dog needs fiber to clean out its system and promote a healthy digestive tract. Some dog foods now include a one-two fiber punch, doubling up on ingredients rich in fiber.

Look for beet pulp and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on the ingredients list of dog foods. “Beet pulp, a moderately fermentable fiber, releases short-chain fatty acids, which are used as energy by the intestinal cells, thereby boosting their capability to absorb nutrients,” says Dicke. FOS, on the other hand, “selectively feeds the beneficial bacteria and promotes balance in the digestive tract,” she adds.

2. Antioxidants

Antioxidants help to prevent oxidation, a process that forms “free radicals” in the body. Free radicals are rogue oxygen molecules that can dangerously react with other molecules, leading to health problems. The same process may happen to your dog and other mammals.

As a result, some dog foods now contain antioxidants like vitamin E and beta-carotene, the natural component that adds color to many vegetables. These antioxidants have been shown to improve immune function in dogs and cats, says Dicke. “A strong immune system is important in fighting and protecting against disease and invaders, such as bacteria and viruses,” she says.

3. Glucosamine and Chondroitin

The dynamic duo of glucosamine and chondroitin has eased arthritis patients’ minds because they play an essential role in nourishing and supporting joint health. These components occur naturally in your joints and the joints of dogs and other mammals.

4. Dental Care Formula

While nothing can substitute for regular dental cleanings and exams at your veterinarian’s office, what you feed your dog can help to prevent the formation of tartar. “Tartar is a hard, yellow-brown accumulation of minerals, which can cause gum regression, gum inflammation, and loss of teeth,” says Dicke.

Studies show that feeding your dog a food with a daily dental care formula can result in an impressive 55 percent reduction in tartar buildup.

5. L-carnitine

L-carnitine is a naturally occurring vitamin-like compound that plays a vital role in the metabolism of fat. Dicke explains that L-carnitine helps dogs and cats gain a desired body composition by promoting weight and fat loss while maintaining lean body tissue.

6. Prebiotics

A prebiotic, such as FOS, is a fiber. The enzymes in your dog’s digestive tract do not digest it. “Instead, the bacteria in the intestinal tract break the fiber down and use it for food,” says Dicke. “What makes a prebiotic different from other fibers is that it feeds, or supports, the good bacteria — not the bad — helping the good bacteria to grow.”

7. Natural, High-Quality Ingredients

The final enhancements are natural, high-quality ingredients. Sometimes what’s not included in dog food is just as important as what is on the ingredients list. In this case, you should look for dog foods that do not contain any added fillers, artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives.

Given the nutritional and medical benefits of the above ingredients in dog foods on the market today, you can rest easy knowing you are feeding your dog some of the best food available.

Article written by Author: The Dog Daily Expert

Some commercial natural dog foods include more ingredients from the same food groups that people serve on the family dinner table. These groups have meats and other proteins and grains for carbohydrates, healthy fats for omega fatty acids, and vegetables and fruits for fiber.

“It may not be exactly how humans look at nutrition in terms of the food pyramid, but the four essential food groups that I think can apply to dogs and cats are; proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and fibers,” says Dr. Amy Dicke. Dr. Dicke is a Dayton, Ohio-based veterinarian who has worked with teams of nutritionists and researchers.

Key Ingredient Groups In Dog Food

As far as the family pets go, dogs and cats have very different nutritional requirements. “Dogs are much more along the lines of people in that they’re omnivores. They do well with a balanced diet with carbohydrates, fiber sources, and protein all mixed,” says Dr. Katy J. Nelson, an emergency veterinarian in Alexandria, Va., who has worked on dog nutrition. 

Here are the main ingredient groups to look for in quality natural dog foods:

1. Proteins 

At least one protein source should always be in a top spot on the ingredient label of dog food to meet regulatory standards from the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) for a “complete and balanced” food for your dog. High-quality protein sources can include chicken, beef, lamb, and other meats, poultry, or fish. Also, by-products or meal from protein sources — such as chicken by-products or chicken meal — are also good sources of protein, says Dr. Joseph Wakshlag, assistant professor of clinical nutrition at the Cornell University School of Veterinary Medicine. “Just because you don’t like eating liver or think hearts are yucky doesn’t mean that by-products aren’t good-quality sources of protein,” he says. Organ meats are something that dogs would eat in the wild.

Protein helps to maintain muscle mass, which shows up in a dog’s posture. Dogs require the animal protein found in meats and meat by-products — including blood, internal organs, and bones, which are what dogs in the wild consumed. To evaluate whether a food has a high-quality protein source, consult your veterinarian or breeder.

“The first thing listed on the ingredient label of a dog’s food should be an animal protein,” says Dr. Nelson. The label should specify which animal the protein comes from, such as chicken or beef; the protein descriptor can be followed by the words “meal” or “by-product.”

2. Carbohydrates 

For active dogs, carbohydrates can provide long and short bursts of energy, aid in digestion, and promote nutrient absorption. Good sources of carbohydrates include whole-grain sorghum, whole-grain barley, cornmeal, and rice, says Nelson. “Rice is good if you have an active dog that needs a short, quick burst of energy, but you need to have a backup carb source for your dog as well, or else once that wears off, your dog will be hungry again,” she adds. With its high glycemic index, rice provides a quick glucose and insulin spike that may be beneficial to working dogs, but a secondary carb source, which extends the energy curve, is useful for the run-of-the-mill house dog.

“As we all know from eating Chinese food and being hungry again two hours later, white rice causes a quick energy boost followed by a crash,” says Dr. Nelson. She recommends a food containing not only rice but also corn, barley, or sorghum. These ingredients have more moderate glycemic values that provide extended energy to keep your dog satiated all day.

3. Fatty Acids

According to Dicke, ingredients such as chicken fat and/or fish oil help your dog get critical fatty acids, like omega-3s and omega-6s. Fats can help a pup maintain skin and coat health, but fatty acids are vital in the brain and spinal cord function. “There has been documented evidence, especially among puppies, that having a diet higher in omega-3 DHA increases their ability to be trained,” says Dicke.

Together, omega-6s and omega-3s can help make the coat shiny and control inflammatory skin conditions that lead a dog to scratch and lick itself excessively. “You can tell a lot about a person’s health by looking at hair and skin, and dogs are no different,” says Dr. Nelson. “Skin and coat health are windows into what’s going on inside a dog. If they’re losing hair or have clogged pores, it may be a clue that something is lacking in their diet.”

4. Fiber 

Fruits and vegetables, as well as other natural fiber sources, can help dogs maintain proper digestion. Ingredients such as apple and beet pulp combined with some grains and prebiotics like fructooligosaccharides (FOS) in premium foods can help your dog remain regular, says Dicke.

Scientific studies are also starting to support the benefits of adding some vegetables to your dog’s food. Researchers at Purdue University’s School of Veterinary Medicine found a 2005 study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.  That study showed that when Scottish Terriers were fed vegetables at least three times per week, they had a lower incidence of developing a deadly type of bladder cancer called transitional cell carcinoma.

A protein is only as good as its digestibility. A dog requires a fiber that helps it to digest and thereby absorb the nutrients in its food. The fiber source also needs to help the dog remove waste from its intestines. Dr. Nelson recommends a food containing beet pulp (the substance that remains after sugar beets are pressed) because it doesn’t produce much gas and is moderately digestible, thus encouraging nutrient absorption.

Vitamins and Minerals

Of course, mammals do not live on protein, fiber, and carbohydrates alone; they also require vitamins and minerals to look and feel their best. Vitamin A is an antioxidant that squashes free radicals and gives your dog a healthy glow. Vitamin E works similarly while also promoting the strength of the nail and hair cuticle. Copper further aids in the absorption of nutrients crucial to your pet’s appearance and overall health.

Dr. Nelson suggests checking the ingredients label on dog food bags to ensure they contain all of them. You can even visually detect if your dog is getting adequate nutrition. “When you see a dog on high-quality food, you recognize it immediately,” she says. “Balanced nutrition shows up outwardly.”

Before making any dietary changes for your dog, always talk to your veterinarian. “There are a lot of great foods out on the market, but some may not be great for your particular dog,” says Nelson. “Before you change the protein source or carbohydrate source, call your veterinarian and say, ‘I’m thinking of doing this. Is it good food? Is it OK for my particular pet?'”

Article written by Author: Elizabeth Wasserman and Darcy Lockman

As we all become more aware of our impact on the planet, efforts to go green have crept into many aspects of corporate and individual decision-making — from packaging products to what kind of soap to buy. It is no surprise, then, that dog owners have become more interested in feeding their pets in eco-friendly ways.

Using eco-friendly dog poop bags to replacing store-bought toys with safe, old household objects, pet lovers are demonstrating that they are environment lovers. It’s only natural that the concern over pollution from pets would extend to chowtime.

“Being eco-conscious is not something you do for yourself and not for your pets,” says Don Reisinger, sales and marketing director for New Age Pet, maker of the ecoConcepts Pet Bowls.

“If you’re going to do it right, you need to be eco-conscious right across the board.”

The Green Dog Movement

As you seek out more natural foods for yourself and continue to recycle packaging, think about doing so for your dogs. 

“I think for all my clients, sustainability takes a backseat to nutrition,” says Dr. Patricia Joyce, a veterinarian at BluePearl Veterinary Partners. “With that said, most pet owners would love to make ethical, environmental choices in all aspects of their lives, including what they feed their dogs.”

The pet food industry is responding to this desire. In a recent industry survey conducted by the trade magazine Petfood Industry, 62 percent of respondents believed that consumers value sustainability and cited consumer demand as one key reason for their operations adopting green practices. Below, Joyce and Virginia-based emergency veterinarian Dr. Katy Nelson weigh in on balancing your dog’s nutritional requirements with environmental responsibility — and what else you can do to protect the planet while caring for your dog.

Here are tips on how to make your dog’s dinnertime more eco-friendly:

1. Look For Natural Dog Food Ingredients

Humane and Sustainable Dog Food

While a vegetarian diet has less impact on the environment than one that includes animal proteins, Joyce and Nelson stress that dogs are omnivorous in the wild and should remain as one in your home. “Animal protein is an essential source of vitamins, minerals, and amino acids for dogs,” says Nelson. “You can do research and find a dog food you feel good about — say one that uses cage-free chickens. But it’s neither fair nor healthy to force a vegetarian diet on your dog.”

Our Recommendations for Humanely and Sustainably Sourced Dog Food

• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Puppy Food
• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Beef Dog Food
• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Senior Dog Food

Our Recommendations for Environmentally Ethical Dog Food

• Open Farm Harvest Chicken & Ancient Grains Dog Food
• Open Farm Wild-Caught Salmon & Ancient Grains Dog Food
• Open Farm Catch-of-the-season Whitefish & Ancient Grains Dog Food

Our Recommendations for Eco-Friendly Farmed Dog Food

• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Pork Dog Food
• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Lamb Dog Food
• Open Farm Humanely & Sustainably Sourced Beef Dog Food

Our Recommendations for Natural Dog Food

• Purina ONE Natural Puppy Food
• Diamond Naturals Adult Dog Food
• Purina ONE Natural Dog Food

Our Recommendations for Dog Food with Recyclable Packaging

• Hill’s Science Diet Wet Puppy Food
• Purina ONE Smartblend Wet Adult Dog Food
• Hill’s Science Diet Wet Senior (7+) Dog Food

Our Recommendation for Eco-Friendly Dog Bowls

• Stainless Steel Dog Bowl – Set of 2 – Made in the USA

Our Recommendations for Recirculated Water Fountains

• Drinkwell Platinum Water Fountain
• Drinkwell 2 Gallon Water Fountain
• Veken Water Fountain

Our Recommendation for Recycled Dog Placemats

• Personalized Dog Placemat – Made from recycled materials – Made in the USA

Other Ways to Help the Environment

“At the end of the day, the goal is to feed your pet the best quality food,” says Nelson. “If that’s beef, then it’s beef. You can reduce your environmental footprint in other ways that don’t negatively impact your dog’s well-being. Ride your bike rather than drive. Recycle.” And use the Web to start researching the following nonfood aspects of your pet’s kibble company:

• Energy Consumption

Some commercial pet food makers have made public commitments to using renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power. Look for these commitments and manufacturing plant Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification from the U.S. Green Building Council.

• Giving Back

Corporate philanthropy often supports green causes. Pet food manufacturers in North America are involved with all sorts of philanthropic programs — from

dedicating a percentage of their profits to supplying clean water to children to supporting local conservation efforts.

With the pet food industry coming on board to support a whole host of environmentally-friendly changes, dog owners can feel more optimistic about reducing their best friends’ carbon paw prints.

“For too many decades,” Reisinger says, “We just bought what we wanted and did not pay attention to the environment.” With just a few simple changes, you can help to make a positive difference.

Article written by Author: Rose Springer, and Elizabeth Wasserman

Virginia-based emergency veterinarian Katy Nelson has seen the havoc that an inadequate diet can wreak on a dog. “You can spot a dog on the wrong diet a mile away,” says Nelson. “Their coat is dull, and they look lethargic.” Some breeds, such as German Shepherds, are more prone to digestive issues than others, but all dogs can suffer the consequences of a diet that produces too much stool, which precludes proper nutrient absorption.

Veterinarians and dog food manufacturers agree that dogs need to eat food with moderately fermentable fibers. Below, Nelson shares her advice for identifying digestive issues and looking for specific ingredients in your dog’s food to ensure that it’s getting all its nutrients.

Identifying Digestive Troubles In Your Dog

Unfortunately, the best way to know whether your dog is having digestive problems is to check its poop. Stools that are too hard or too soft may indicate that your dog is either not absorbing nutrients from food or that the food does not have the proper nutrients to keep the digestive tract healthy in the first place.

How Can I Improve My Dog’s Digestive System?

“If your dog is having problems with elimination or vomiting, you need to work with your veterinarian to investigate what is going on,” says Nelson. “If you haven’t changed your pet’s diet and it has diarrhea for more than two or three days, vomiting multiple times a day, or has any blood in the stool, this indicates something more serious than improper digestion.” Once your veterinarian has ruled out conditions like pancreatitis, parasites, and inflammatory bowel disease, it’s time to talk about food.

Best Ingredients For Dog GI-Healthy Diets

Beet Pulp 

The term “digestibility” refers to how easily food goes down and how readily absorbable its nutrients are. According to Nelson, the best fiber source is moderately fermentable, which comes in beet pulp.

Prebiotics 

These ingredients promote the gut’s natural, good bacteria while keeping the harmful bacteria in check. The next element on Nelson’s must-have list is the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which crowd out the harmful bacteria and feeds the good.

Grain Sorghum and Barley 

Research has found that combining these complex carbohydrates also enhances digestibility, providing a stable energy source throughout the day.

The above ingredients enhance gastrointestinal tract health, allowing your dog to absorb vitamins, minerals, and other beneficial components, like vitamin A and fish oils. 

Prescription Formula Dog Food

If your dog is having digestive problems despite being on a diet that includes beet pulp and prebiotics, talk to your veterinarian about a veterinary intestinal formula. “I often try a prescription diet for a short period, and then taper off to a nonprescription food,” says Nelson.  “The prescription diet usually serves as a temporary solution.  Once the pet gets through a tough time, we go back.” Nelson adds that some dogs need to remain on the 

veterinary-prescribed food. “It is more expensive but less so than continuous trips to the vet. If you find something that works, you can stick with it.”

It’s important to note that GI tract problems are often stress-related. “Whether their favorite person is away from home or they are engaging in fun activities, like a long hike, the adrenal glands secrete cortisol, which can lead to an imbalance of bacteria in the gut and can require treatment with antibiotics,” she says. Taking care of your dog’s GI tract will help to ensure that you and your pet can enjoy each other’s company for many meals to come.

Article written by Author: Darcy Lockman